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PID Controller

Simulation of a PID controller tracking a step-changing setpoint.

You can also find this example as a single file in the GitHub repository.

The control system uses a PID controller block that computes the control signal based on the error between setpoint and output. The plant is modeled as an Integrator with a gain. As a block diagram it looks like this:

Import and Setup

First let's import the required classes and blocks:

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System Parameters

We define the plant gain and PID parameters.

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System Definition

Now we can construct the system by instantiating the blocks we need and collecting them in a list:

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The connections form a feedback control loop. The Adder block with signature "+-" computes the error signal by subtracting the plant output from the setpoint.

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Simulation Setup and Execution

We initialize the simulation with the RKCK54 solver (Runge-Kutta Cash-Karp 5th order with adaptive step size).

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18:38:02 - INFO - LOGGING (log: True)
18:38:02 - INFO - BLOCKS (total: 6, dynamic: 2, static: 4, eventful: 0)
18:38:02 - INFO - GRAPH (nodes: 6, edges: 8, alg. depth: 4, loop depth: 0, runtime: 0.142ms)
18:38:02 - INFO - STARTING -> TRANSIENT (Duration: 100.00s)
18:38:02 - INFO - --------------------   1% | 0.0s<1.0s | 541.1 it/s
18:38:02 - INFO - ####----------------  20% | 0.1s<--:-- | 1205.3 it/s
18:38:02 - INFO - ########------------  40% | 0.2s<0.2s | 1172.6 it/s
18:38:02 - INFO - ############--------  60% | 0.4s<55:14:09 | 1182.1 it/s
18:38:02 - INFO - ################----  80% | 0.4s<0.0s | 1197.4 it/s
18:38:02 - INFO - #################### 100% | 0.5s<--:-- | 1178.0 it/s
18:38:02 - INFO - FINISHED -> TRANSIENT (total steps: 455, successful: 291, runtime: 486.89 ms)

Results

Let's plot the setpoint, output, and error signals to see how well the PID controller tracks the setpoint:

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